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Two Nelson
Letters
Edited by Keith Raynor
Twenty years as a reenactor, Mr Raynor is an experienced and thorough researcher in England and contributes articles regularly to Magazines such as First Empire and the Age of Napoleon. Mr Raynor assists Access Heritage Inc (formerly The Discriminating General) considerably in unearthing key documents and artifacts that allow us to more accurately manufacture of our products.
In the Nottinghamshire archivies are two original letters dating from the Napoleonic era, both written by a " Nelson". The shorter of the two epistles is written by the man himself, Lord Horatio Nelson. In early 1801, a Royal Navy Fleet, of which Nelson was second in command, was posted to the Baltic, its mission too induce a friendlier attitude from the " Second Armed Neutrality of the North ".
On April 2nd this Fleet fought the battle of Copenhagen, an event which certainly induced the unfortunate Danes into signing an armistice, thus ending any immediate threat posed by them to British interests. The Fleet, with Nelson now in command, then moved deeper into Baltic waters with the intent of gaining a more positive Anglo spirit from the Swedes and Russians. The death of Czar Paul 1st though made any further diplomacy unnecessary and by May 17th the " Armed Neutrality " was officially disbanded. This left Nelson in charge of a peaceful Baltic and homesick. Any ship returning to Britain carried at least one letter from him asking to be recalled. This particular surviving letter appears to be written in that vein. Nelson finally returned home at the beginning of July 1801.
The other longer letter is written by a William Nelson, who appears to be an ordinary seaman. The letter written phonetically and without puntuations gives a rare glimpse of conditions aboard ship. It would appear William Nelson's ship was on station outside Toulon, the French Mediterranean naval port, and experiencing at least one action to relieve the long monotonous chore of blockade duty.
Lord Horatio Nelson's Letter :
St. George (1) Rostock May 24th 1801
My Dear Sir,
Pray have the goodnefs to send off my several letters, The Roll and a letter is for Lady hamilton have the Kindness to send them immediately also my letter for Davison (2). if I do not get onshore I cannot live another fortnight, I long to see you for you have always been kind to me, and I have very much to say, Believe me ever your obliged Nelson and Bronte I hope George Montagne is to come here
Evan Nepean Esq.
William Nelson's Letter :
Bombay of Toloun August 1st 1810
Dear Uncle,
I take the Liberty of writing these few lines to you hoping to find you in good health as it leaves me at preasant thank god for it, uncle I have rote two letters to my farther and has not had any answer from him which makes me think that he has left arnold (3) has the last letter he informed me of Mr. Hawksleys misfortune (4) but I hope that is all past and as Brisk as ever and he wrote to me respecting Lord Collingwoods action and I sent him 2 letters since and told im every particular of it it was on last September but our ship was not in it at all but in sight of them, but know this summer they are more bolder then ever they coms out side of there arbour and chase our ships of but 10 or 12 days ago our fleet was driven to the coast (?) and some of there ships came out and had taken one of our Brigs four of our 74's man to how assistance and rundown among __?__ sail of the line and done a deal of damage to them and he never received a shot. There is know in Toloune 14 sail of the line and 9 Friggats, and who have only 12 sail of the line and 2 or 3 friggats at the best of times our admiral Lord Collingwood (5) died on Board the Nile departing 98 (?) again home and Sir Samual Hood superceded him and since that Sir Charles Cotton (6) has know got the command up the Medetrannen whe do expect them out to run to some other port every day, our officers doe talk of peace very much here and whe do have us hopes that before next spring I shall get home again for whe have been 10 months out from England and has not had 18 days fresh provisions in that hole time and let me farther know that I do wish im to write as soon as pofsible and write back yourself and let me know all the news at home. Remember me to my Mother and to my Brothers and Sisters and to all enquiring friends and hoping before long I shall bee along with you all at home. Remember me to Thomas Gadsby at Mansfield and tell my farther to remember me to William Kerk and Thomas Matlock at arnold and to all other enquiring friends and when whe come to england if whe get Liberty I will come home to se you and I hope you will have more pleasant on the 10 of this month then I shall for I shall have know rairties but our salt Beef ov 3 years old there one of my country men on Board from Mansfield and whe shall have a drop of wine together I have know more to say at presant but remaining yours till Death
Wm Nelson
rite as soon as pofsible and tell my farther to rite to
Recd Sept 16 1810
Wrote again Nov 20 1810
Adrefse __?__
__?__ New Radford, Nottingham.
Notes.
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1. H.M.S. St. George, 2nd Rate Ship of the Line.
2. Alexander Davison was a personal friend of Nelson , his prize agent and also dealt with his business affairs.
3. Arnold, now a suburb of Nottingham, was then a village three miles north of the city
4. Probably John Hawksley. In 1788, he long with a Robert Davison erected a large worsted mill at Arnold which eventually employed 1,000 people. The mill closed in 1809, partly due to the death of Davison, and heavy financial losses caused by the trade depression arising from the decrees of Napoleon ( ie. the Continental system) against British commerce, coupled with the price rises of supplies caused by the French war.
The mill's apprentices were handed over to the recruiting Serjeant, oe 5 being received for each one enlisted. Hawksley went on to open a new mill in Butcher Close, Nottingham on 5th February 1810.
5. Vice-Admiral Cuthert Collingwood 1750-1810. He assumed command of the Fleet at Trafalger after Nelson was killed, and wrote the battle's dispatch. He commanded in the Mediterranean 1807-08, and supervised the blockade of Toulon 1808-10. He died at sea and was buried at St.Pauls, London.
6. Admiral Sir Charles Cotton 1753-1812. He commanded Naval units in the Tagus 1807-08, then in the Mediterranean 1810. His last appointment was the Channel Fleet in 1812.
References.
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Horatio Nelson Letter, reference DD P61/31/38 Nottinghamshire Archivies.
William Nelson Letter, reference DD 798/16 Nottinghamshire Archivies.
The Nelson Letters reproduced with the Kind permission of thePrincipal Archivist, Nottinghamshire Archivies.
Correspondence with Greenwich Maritime Museum.
Dictionary of the Napoleonic Wars, D.Chandler.
The Immortal Memory, D. and S. Howarth.
History of Arnold, J.Russell and R.King, Nottingham 1913.
This article first appeared in " Napoleonic Notes and Queries ", published by Partizan Press, 818 London Road, Leigh on Sea,Essex, SS9 3NH England.
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